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     PASSWD(1)                                               PASSWD(1)

     NAME
          passwd, netkey, iam - change user password

     SYNOPSIS
          passwd

          netkey

          auth/iam [ ]

     DESCRIPTION
          Passwd changes the invoker's Plan 9 password and/or APOP
          secret.  The Plan 9 password is used to login to a terminal
          while the APOP secret is used for a number of external ser-
          vices: POP3, IMAP, and VPN access.

          The program first prompts for the old Plan 9 password to
          establish identity.  It then prompts for changes to the
          password and the secret.  New passwords and secrets must be
          typed twice, to forestall mistakes.  New passwords must be
          sufficiently hard to guess.  They may of any length greater
          than seven characters.

          Netkey uses the password to encrypt network challenges.  It
          is a substitute for a SecureNet box.

          These commands may be run only on a terminal, to avoid
          transmitting clear text passwords over the network.

          Auth/iam can be run only by the the host owner (the user
          specified as the contents of /dev/hostower).  With it both
          the identity and password of the host owner may be changed.
          For example, if start a terminal and log in as `tor', you
          may later change identity to `supertor'.  If the host owner
          changes, all processes running as the host owner also change
          their identity to the new user id.

          Without an argument, Auth/iam just sets the password of the
          host owner.  This can be used on machines like the Bitsy
          which have no possibility of user input until the bootstrap
          procedure has already started a number of processes.

     FILES
          /dev/key

     SOURCE
          /sys/src/cmd/auth/passwd.c
          /sys/src/cmd/auth/netkey.c

     SEE ALSO

     PASSWD(1)                                               PASSWD(1)

          encrypt(2), cons(3), securenet(8)

          Robert Morris and Ken Thompson, ``UNIX Password Security,''
          AT&T Bell Laboratories Technical Journal Vol 63 (1984), pp.
          1649-1672