man(1) Manual page archive


     IP(3)                                                       IP(3)

     NAME
          eipfmt, parseip, parseipmask, v4parseip, v4parsecidr,
          parseether, myipaddr, myetheraddr, maskip, equivip, defmask,
          isv4, v4tov6, v6tov4, nhgetl, nhgets, nhgetv, hnputl,
          hnputs, hnputv, ptclbsum, readipifc - Internet protocol

     SYNOPSIS
          #include <u.h>
          #include <libc.h>
          #include <ip.h>

          int  eipfmt(Fmt*)

          ulong     parseip(uchar *ipaddr, char *str)

          ulong     parseipmask(uchar *ipaddr, char *str)

          char*     v4parseip(uchar *ipaddr, char *str)

          ulong     v4parsecidr(uchar *addr, uchar *mask, char *str)

          int  parseether(uchar *eaddr, char *str)

          int  myetheraddr(uchar *eaddr, char *dev)

          int  myipaddr(uchar *ipaddr, char *net)

          void maskip(uchar *from, uchar *mask, uchar *to)

          int  equivip(uchar *ipaddr1, uchar *ipaddr2)

          uchar*    defmask(uchar *ipaddr)

          int  isv4(uchar *ipaddr)

          void v4tov6(uchar *ipv6, uchar *ipv4)

          void v6tov4(uchar *ipv4, uchar *ipv6)

          ushort    nhgets(void *p)

          uint nhgetl(void *p)

          uvlong    nhgetv(void *p)

          void hnputs(void *p, ushort v)

          void hnputl(void *p, uint v)

          void hnputv(void *p, uvlong v)

     IP(3)                                                       IP(3)

          ushort    ptclbsum(uchar *a, int n)

          Ipifc*    readipifc(char *net, Ipifc *ifc, int index)

          uchar     IPv4bcast[IPaddrlen];

          uchar     IPv4allsys[IPaddrlen];

          uchar     IPv4allrouter[IPaddrlen];

          uchar     IPallbits[IPaddrlen];

          uchar     IPnoaddr[IPaddrlen];

          uchar     v4prefix[IPaddrlen];

     DESCRIPTION
          These routines are used by Internet Protocol (IP) programs
          to manipulate IP and Ethernet addresses.  Plan 9, by
          default, uses V6 format IP addresses.  Since V4 addresses
          fit into the V6 space, all IP addresses can be represented.
          IP addresses are stored as a string of 16 unsigned chars,
          Ethernet addresses as 6 unsigned chars.  Either V4 or V6
          string representation can be used for IP addresses.  For V4
          addresses, the representation can be (up to) 4 decimal inte-
          gers from 0 to 255 separated by periods.  For V6 addresses,
          the representation is (up to) 8 hex integers from 0x0 to
          0xFFFF separated by colons.  Strings of 0 integers can be
          elided using two colons.  For example, FFFF::1111 is equiva-
          lent to FFFF:0:0:0:0:0:0:1111.  The string representation
          for IP masks is a superset of the address representation.
          It includes slash notation that indicates the number of
          leading 1 bits in the mask.  Thus, a V4 class C mask can be
          represented as FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FF00,
          255.255.255.0, or /120.  The string representation of Ether-
          net addresses is exactly 12 hexadecimal digits.

          Eipfmt is a print(3) formatter for Ethernet (verb E)
          addresses, IP V6 (verb I) addresses, IP V4 (verb V)
          addresses, and IP V6 (verb M) masks.

          Parseip converts a string pointed to by str to a 16-byte IP
          address starting at ipaddr. As a concession to backwards
          compatibility, if the string is a V4 address, the return
          value is an unsigned long integer containing the big-endian
          V4 address.  If not, the return value is 6.  Parseipmask
          converts a string pointed to by str to a 6-byte IP mask
          starting at ipaddr. It too returns an unsigned long big-
          endian V4 address or 6.  Both routines return -1 on errors.

          V4parseip converts a string pointed to by str to a 4-byte V4
          IP address starting at ipaddr.

     IP(3)                                                       IP(3)

          V4parsecidr converts a string of the form addr/mask, pointed
          to by str, to a 4-byte V4 IP address starting at ipaddr and
          a 4-byte V4 IP mask starting at mask.

          Myipaddr returns the first valid IP address in the IP stack
          rooted at net.

          Parseether converts a string pointed to by str to a 6-byte
          Ethernet address starting at eaddr. Myetheraddr reads the
          Ethernet address string from file dev/1/stats and parses it
          into eaddr. Both routines return a negative number on
          errors.

          Maskip places the bit-wise AND of the IP addresses pointed
          to by its first two arguments into the buffer pointed to by
          the third.

          Equivip returns non-zero if the IP addresses pointed to by
          its two arguments are equal.

          Defmask returns the standard class A, B, or C mask for
          ipaddr.

          Isv4 returns non-zero if the V6 address is in the V4 space,
          that is, if it starts with 0:0:0:0:0:0:FFFF.  V4tov6 con-
          verts the V4 address, v4ip, to a V6 address and puts the
          result in v6ip. V6tov4 converts the V6 address, v6ip, to a
          V4 address and puts the result in v4ip.

          Hnputs, hnputl, and hnputv are used to store 16-, 32-, and
          64-bit integers into IP big-endian form.  Nhgets, nhgetl,
          and nhgetv convert big-endian 2-, 4-, and 8-byte quantities
          into integers.

          Pctlbsum returns the one's complement checksum used in IP
          protocols, typically invoked as
          hnputs(hdr->cksum, ~ptclbsum(data, len) & 0xffff);

          A number of standard IP addresses in V6 format are also
          defined.  They are:

          IPv4bcast
               the V4 broadcast address

          IPv4allsys
               the V4 all systems multicast address

          IPv4allrouter
               the V4 all routers multicast address

          IPallbits
               the V6 all bits on address

     IP(3)                                                       IP(3)

          IPnoaddr
               the V6 null address, all zeros

          v4prefix
               the IP V6 prefix to all embedded V4 addresses

          Readipifc returns information about a particular interface
          (index >= 0) or all IP interfaces (index < 0) configured
          under a mount point net, default /net.  Each interface is
          described by one Ipifc structure which in turn points to a
          linked list of Iplifc structures describing the addresses
          assigned to this interface.  If the list ifc is supplied,
          that list is freed.  Thus, subsequent calls can be used to
          free the list returned by the previous call.  Ipifc is:

          typedef struct Ipifc
          {
               Ipifc     *next;
               Iplifc    *lifc;         /* local addressses */

               /* per ip interface */
               int  index;         /* number of interface in ipifc dir */
               char dev[64];  /* associated physical device */
               int  mtu;      /* max transfer unit */

               long validlt;  /* valid life time */
               long preflt;        /* preferred life time */
               uchar     sendra6;  /* on == send router adv */
               uchar     recvra6;  /* on == rcv router adv */

               ulong     pktin;         /* packets read */
               ulong     pktout;        /* packets written */
               ulong     errin;         /* read errors */
               ulong     errout;        /* write errors */
               Ipv6rp    rp;       /* route advertisement params */
          } Ipifc;

          Iplifc is:

          struct Iplifc
          {
               Iplifc    *next;

               uchar     ip[IPaddrlen];
               uchar     mask[IPaddrlen];
               uchar     net[IPaddrlen];          /* ip & mask */
               ulong     preflt;             /* preferred lifetime */
               ulong     validlt;       /* valid lifetime */
          };

          Ipv6rp is: struct Ipv6rp {      int  mflag;      int  oflag;
               int  maxraint; /* max route adv interval */

     IP(3)                                                       IP(3)

               int  minraint; /* min route adv interval */
               int  linkmtu;      int  reachtime;      int  rxmitra;
               int  ttl;      int  routerlt;  };

          Dev contains the first 64 bytes of the device configured
          with this interface.  Net is ip&mask if the network is mul-
          tipoint or the remote address if the network is point to
          point.

     SOURCE
          /src/libip

     SEE ALSO
          print(3)