man(1) Manual page archive


     9C(1)                                                       9C(1)

     NAME
          9c, 9a, 9l, 9ar - C compiler, assembler, linker, archiver

     SYNOPSIS
          9c [ -I path ] [ -D name ] file ...

          9a file ...

          9l [ -o target ] object ...  [ library ...  ] [ -Lpath ...
          ] [ -lname ...  ]

          9ar key [ posname ] afile [ file ...  ]

     DESCRIPTION
          These programs are shell scripts that invoke the appropriate
          standard tools for the current operating system and archi-
          tecture.  One can use them to write portable recipes for
          mkfiles.

          9c compiles the named C files into object files for the cur-
          rent system.  The system C compiler is invoked with warnings
          enabled.  The -I option adds path to the include path, and
          the -D option defines name in the C preprocessor.  9c always
          defines the symbol PLAN9PORT defined in the C preprocessor
          and adds $PLAN9/include to the include path.

          9c also defines __sun__ on SunOS systems and __Linux26__ on
          Linux systems with 2.6-series kernels.

          9a assembles the named files into object files for the cur-
          rent system.  Unlike some system assemblers, it does not
          promise to run the C preprocessor on the source files.

          9l links the named object files and libraries to create the
          target executable.  Each -l option specifies that a library
          named libname.a be found and linked.  The -L option adds
          directories to the library search path.  9l invokes the sys-
          tem linker with $PLAN9/lib already on the library search
          path.

          9l searches the named objects and libraries for symbols of
          the form __p9l_autolib_name, which it takes as indication
          that it should link $PLAN9/lib/libname.a as well.  It also
          examines such libraries to find their own dependencies.  A
          single -l option at the beginning of the command line dis-
          ables this behavior.  The symbol __p9l_autolib_name is added
          to an object file by the macro AUTOLIB( name ), defined in
          <u.h>. Header files associated with libraries contain
          AUTOLIB annotations; ordinary programs need not use them.
          Due to shortcomings in the implementation, a source file may

     9C(1)                                                       9C(1)

          not contain the same AUTOLIB statement multiple times.

          9ar maintains object file archives called libraries.  The
          exact set of valid command keys varies from system to sys-
          tem, but 9ar always provides the following key characters:

          d    Delete files from the archive file.

          r    Replace files in the archive file, or add them if miss-
               ing.

          t    List a table of contents of the archive.  If names are
               given, only those files are listed.

          x    Extract the named files.  If no names are given, all
               files in the archive are extracted.  In neither case
               does x alter the archive file.

          v    Verbose.  Give a file-by-file description of the making
               of a new archive file from the old archive and the con-
               stituent files.  With t, give a long listing of all
               information about the files, somewhat like a listing by
               ls(1), showing
                    mode uid/gid size date name

          c    Create.  Normally 9ar will create a new archive when
               afile does not exist, and give a warning.  Option c
               discards any old contents and suppresses the warning.

          When a d, r, or m key is specified, 9ar inserts a table of
          contents, required by the linker, at the front of the
          library.  The table of contents is rebuilt whenever the
          archive is modified.

     EXAMPLES
          9c file1.c file2.c file3.c
               Compile three C source files.

          9a file4.s
               Assemble one assembler source file.

          9ar rvc lib.a file[12].o
               Archive the first two object files into a library.

          9l -o prog file3.o file4.o lib.a
               Link the final two object files and any necessary
               objects from the library into an executable.

     SOURCE
          /bin